Mechanisms and clinical applications of immunosuppressive medications

Immunosuppressive Medications.

Immunosuppressive agents are commonly used in the nephrologist's practice in the treatment of autoimmune and immune-mediated diseases and transplantation, and they are investigational in the treatment of AKI and ESRD. Drug development has been rapid over the past decades as mechanisms of the immune response have been better defined both by serendipity (the discovery of agents with immunosuppres...

probiotics: an update on mechanisms of action and clinical applications

probiotics are live microbial feed supplement and can provide health benefit to the host if administered in sufficient amounts. the most predominant species that have been used as probiotic include lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. proper administration of probiotics could be efficient in the treatment of various disorders. however; their mechanism of action is poorly understood. the effects of ...

The relaxant effect of Nigella sativa on smooth muscles, its possible mechanisms and clinical applications

Nigella sativa (N. sativa) is a spice plant which has been traditionally used for culinary and medicinal purposes. Different therapeutic properties including the beneficial effects on asthma and dyspnea, digestive and gynecology disorders have been described for the seeds of N. sativa. There is evidence of the relaxant effects of this plant and some of its constituents on different types of smo...

New Immunosuppressive Drugs: Mechanisms of Action and Early Clinical Experience

Injectable Hydrogels: A Review of Injectability Mechanisms and Biomedical Applications

Hydrogels have been used for biomedical applications in recent decades. They are a perfect candidate for regenerative medicine as they resemble the extracellular matrix of native tissues. In addition, their highly hydrated structure makes them a suitable choice for drug and other therapeutics delivery. Injectable hydrogels have increasingly gained attention due to their capability for homogeneo...